Which document outlines the minimum qualifications needed for a job?

The document that outlines the minimum qualifications needed for a job is the job specification. A job specification details the necessary skills, experience, education, and personal attributes required for a candidate to successfully perform the tasks associated with a specific position. It serves as a guideline for hiring managers in evaluating potential candidates and ensures that applicants are assessed based on the specific competencies deemed essential for the role.

While a job analysis involves a comprehensive study of a job to determine its duties, responsibilities, and the necessary qualifications, it does not itself outline minimum qualifications in the way a job specification does. A job description provides a broader overview of the job's duties and responsibilities, but it does not typically detail the qualifications needed. A job posting is a communication tool that advertises the job to potential applicants and often incorporates elements from both the job description and job specification, but its primary purpose is recruitment rather than defining qualifications specifically. Therefore, the job specification is the key document that distinctly encapsulates the essential qualifications for a job role.